When winter rolls in, having an efficient heating system is essential. But what’s the difference between a boiler vs. furnace? And how do you decide which one is right for your home? In this guide, we’ll break down the basics of these two systems, help you understand their pros and cons, and answer common questions like:
- What does a boiler do?
- What does a furnace do?
- How do I know what type of heating I have?
Boiler vs. Furnace: What’s the Difference?
Both boilers and furnaces are central heating systems, but they operate differently:
- Boiler: A boiler heats water to create hot water or steam, which is then distributed through radiators, fan-forced coils, baseboard radiators, or radiant floor systems.
- Furnace: A furnace heats air and distributes it through ductwork using a blower. It’s often the go-to for homes that already have duct systems in place.
If your home has ductwork, it likely uses a furnace. On the other hand, radiators or radiant floors point to a boiler system.
What Does a Boiler Do?
A boiler burns fuel—like gas or oil—to heat water or create steam, though steam boilers are less common today. This heated water circulates through a closed-loop system, warming your home via radiators or underfloor piping. Unlike a furnace, which heats the air, boilers deliver radiant heat that transfers to objects in the room. Modern boilers are energy-efficient and some can also provide hot water for your home.
What Does a Furnace Do?
A furnace burns fuel, such as natural gas, to heat air, which is then pushed through ducts by a fan and circulated throughout your house. It’s a quick and effective way to warm a home, especially in climates where the temperature can drop rapidly.
Furnace vs. Boiler: Efficiency Matters
When comparing a furnace and boiler, efficiency is a key factor to consider. Energy efficiency is measured by the annual fuel utilization efficiency (AFUE) rating. Here’s a quick breakdown for gas- and oil-fueled systems:
- Older systems: 56–70% AFUE
- Mid-efficiency systems: 80–83% AFUE
- High-efficiency systems: 90–98.5% AFUE
Are boiler systems efficient? Yes! While older steam boilers were not efficient, the technology has evolved. High-efficiency boilers can reach up to 98.5% AFUE, making them a budget- and eco-friendly option.
However, furnaces can achieve similar efficiency levels, especially sealed combustion models. In fact, if you compare ENERGY STAR® -certified products in Canada, you’ll find that the most efficient furnace has a slightly higher AFUE rating than the most efficient boiler.
As for electric furnaces and boilers, these are extremely efficient too. But the high cost of electricity compared to gas makes them a pricey choice. Those who want electric heating may want to consider a heat pump system instead.
Boiler or Furnace: Which Is Right for You?
Here are some factors to consider:
- Home Comfort: Boilers provide consistent, even heat, while furnaces heat the air quickly.
- Installation: Homes with ductwork are all set for a furnace, while those with radiators or radiant floors benefit from boilers.
- Budget: Furnaces are often slightly cheaper upfront, but boilers have a longer lifespan, potentially offering savings over time. In terms of energy efficiency, there isn’t much difference between high-efficiency models.
- Climate: Boilers are great for colder climates with prolonged winters, while furnaces are ideal for homes needing quick bursts of heat.
- Cooling: Central air conditioning requires ductwork. If you have a boiler system, you’ll have to opt for window A/C units or mini-split ductless air conditioning.
How Do I Know What Type of Heating I Have?
Determining your system is simple.
- If you have ductwork or air vents, you have a furnace.
- If you have radiators (either full-size or baseboard) and copper pipes, you have a boiler.
- Check the heat source: Boilers are connected to pipes, while furnaces are connected to ductwork.
If you’re still unsure, consult a residential heating contractor in London, Ontario, like Comfort Zone Services, for a professional evaluation.
Tips for Choosing or Upgrading Your Heating System
- Assess Efficiency: Opt for ENERGY STAR® models with high AFUE ratings.
- Consider Retrofitting: Have an older furnace or boiler that still has a lot of life left? Consider improving its efficiency with upgrades like programmable thermostats or zone control.
- Size it Right: An oversized system wastes energy. A professional HVAC contractor can ensure your unit is the perfect size for your home.
- Think Long-Term: Boilers typically last longer than furnaces, making them a solid investment for homeowners who prioritize durability.
To maximize your savings, enhance the energy efficiency of your home before getting a new furnace or boiler by doing things like adding insulation or upgrading to energy-efficient windows, if needed. You’ll also want to compare furnace or boiler warranties and look into rebate options.
Trust Comfort Zone Services for Heating Solutions
Whether you’re deciding between a boiler or furnace or need maintenance on an existing system, Comfort Zone Services is here to help. As a trusted heating contractor in London, Ontario, we offer expert advice, installations, and maintenance to keep your home cozy year-round.
Not sure which system suits your budget and needs? Contact us today for a free consultation. Together, we’ll find the perfect solution for your home.